寒露，是中国传统二十四节气（the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms或简写为the 24 solar terms）中的第十七个节气，也是秋季的第五个节气。白居易有云：“袅袅凉风动，凄凄寒露零。”寒露后，太阳高度继续降低，气温逐渐下降，露珠冷寒而欲凝结，放出微微寒光，“寒露”之名由此得来。
寒露，寒冷的露水，英文是 Cold Dew，由字面逐字翻译而成，直接明了。这个 Cold Dew 是标准答案，各家各派均无异议。为节气，首字母常大写。
节气是文化特色鲜明的概念，英译时也可采用语音转写。因此，“寒露”不妨以汉语拼音的Hanlu先行，再以Cold Dew紧随其后，补充释义。
在英文里，小写的 cold dew 是一个常见的搭配，但它可能另有所指。如果不分青红皂白，直接套用我们的文化认知，本能地把它翻成“寒露”，那恐怕就会差之毫厘，谬以千里了。
dew 不仅仅是露水。某些时候，dew 指的是类似露水的小水滴，比如泪水、汗水、植物呼吸“蒸腾”（transpiration）的水汽。另一些时候，dew 也可指像露水般纯净、有朝气、能提振精神的事物，比如 dew of sleep（睡眠之露，睡了一个好觉能提振精神）、dew of youth（青春之露，朝气满满的阳光气息）。
展开剩余94%回到 cold dew。英文里小写的 cold dew 当然可指“寒冷的露水”，但也不排除“冰冷的汗水”或“冰冷的泪水”，端看上下文而定。如果语境里出现了 brow（眉毛）或 forehead（额头），那么 cold dew 应该是冰冷的汗水。如果上下文出现了 eye（眼睛）或 tear（眼泪），那么 cold dew 应该是冰冷的泪水。
举世尊崇的《牛津英语词典》（Oxford English Dictionary，简称OED）没有收录首字母大写的 Cold Dew，也没有收录全小写的 cold dew，却有5条隐藏着 cold dew 的书证（quotation，即引文，有书面出处的例证）。
英国大文豪莎士比亚（Shakespeare）贡献了一条 cold dew，描述了“寒露夜侵草”（The herbs that have on them cold dew o’ th’ night）。
与莎士比亚同时期的英国诗人威廉·巴克斯德（William Barksted）也贡献了一条 cold dew，描写的是“贞女泪珠冷”（chill-cold dew of virgin tears）。
英国诗人兼剧作家爱德华·杨（Edward Young）用 cold dew 来刻画主人公“虚眉挂冷汗”（with cold dew my fainting brow is hung）。
英国的小说家兼剧作家哈里特·李（Harriet Lee）也用 cold dew 形容主人公“全身上下冷汗漫布”（His whole frame was suffused with a cold dew）。
英国浪漫主义诗人拜伦勋爵（Lord Byron）同样在诗中采用 cold dew，以此来描绘主人公“眉上冷汗冰若疾”（o’er his brow... the sickening iciness of that cold dew）。(-曾泰元)
寒露
Cold Dew
寒露在今年的公历十月八日。与白露相比，寒露时的气温要低得多，地面上的露水几乎凝结成了霜。气候由凉爽转向寒冷。晴朗的天空，金色的树叶……都昭示着中国北方迎来深秋。
Cold Dew falls on October 8 this year on the Gregorian calendar. Compared with White Dew, the temperature around Cold Dew is much lower and dew on the ground almost turns into frost. It’s a transition from coolness to coldness. Clear skies, golden leaves ... the north of China is now in late autumn.
寒露前后季节变化明显。中国南北方有着鲜明的对比。在北方，一些地区可以看到降雪；而在南方，凉爽的秋天才刚刚开始。
The change of season is apparentaround the Cold Dew. There is a sharp contrast between South and North China. In the north, snow can be seen in some areas, while in the south, the cool autumn is just beginning.
此时，全国进入赏菊的黄金季节。中国人自古就喜欢菊花的坚贞不屈和五彩绚烂。关于菊花的诗词也很多。人们除了欣赏菊花以外，还品尝菊花酒。
This is the primeseason to appreciate chrysanthemums across the country. Chinese people have appreciated them since ancient times for their hardiness and colorfulness. Poems about chrysanthemum flowers are also plentiful. Apart from enjoying the blooms, people also drink chrysanthemum wine.
鸿雁在白露到寒露期间会大举南迁。寒露时，早些时候出发的雁群已经到达目的地了。雁阵通常由头领飞，群雁排成一字或人字形的队列紧追，并随时改变队形。
Wild geese fly southward between the White Dew and Cold Dew. At this time, the wild geese that set out earlier have already arrived. There’s a leader who leads theflock, and the followers fly in a row or a “Y” formation, which changes from time to time.
有一个重要的节日与寒露有关，那就是农历九月初九的重阳节。人们纷纷观光旅游，登山，携带山茱萸，分享点心来庆祝这个节日。
There’s an important festival associated with Cold Dew, which is the Chongyang Festival. It is on the 9th day of the 9th lunar month on the Chinese calendar. People go on sightseeing tours, climb mountains, carry dogwood, and eat cakes to celebrate this festival.
中国古人认为“九”是最大的数字。根据阴阳二分法（它构成了中国人世界观的基础），阴代表黑暗的元素，阳代表生命和光明。数字“九”被认为是阳，所以“双九”意味着健康长寿。确切地说，重阳节是老年人的节日。
Chinese ancients believed that nine was the largest number. According to the yin-yang dichotomy that forms the basis of the Chinese view of the world, yin represents the elements of darkness and yang represents life and brightness. The number nine is regarded as yang, so “double ninth” implies a long and healthy life. Aptly, the festival is traditionally a holiday for the elderly.
雾秋
Foggy autumn
Temperatures drop significantly in October. When the cold air encounters autumn rain, the abundant water vapor in the air soon reaches saturation, and then it turns into misty rain or fog. When the humidity is high, there will be foggy regions formed in many areas of China.
十月份常伴随着强降温。当冷空气遇到了秋雨时，丰富的水汽很快达到饱和状态，随之变为蒙蒙烟雨或潮湿的雾气。湿度达到了一定高度，全国各地就会出现大范围多雾天气。
秋钓季
Season for fishing
People always say that fishing in shallow water in autumn makes sense. That's because during the Cold Dew period, temperatures decrease quickly and sunshine doesn't reach deep water thoroughly. Fish swim to shallow water areas where the water temperature is relatively high.
人们都说秋季钓鱼找浅水。因为在寒露季节，温度下降快，日照无法充足地照射到深水区，所以鱼儿都喜欢到温度较高的近岸浅水区活动。
石榴成熟时
Season for eating pomegranates
Pomegranates are ripe during Cold Dew. Pomegranates have been cherished for their exquisite beauty, flavor, color, and health benefits for centuries.
石榴在寒露时成熟。几个世纪以来，石榴因其精致饱满的色泽，甜美多汁的风味和较高的营养价值受到人们的喜爱。
饮菊花酒
Season for drinking chrysanthemum wine
Chrysanthemum is the iconic flower of Cold Dew. To prevent autumn dryness, many regions in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine. This is a tradition of the Double Ninth Festival (on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese calendar), which often falls around Cold Dew. According to ancient records, drinking wine made with chrysanthemums, poria cocos mushroom and pine oleoresin grants people longlasting youth.
菊花是寒露的象征。为了防止秋季干燥，中国许多地区都有喝菊花酒的习俗。这是重阳节(农历九月初九)的传统，通常在寒露前后。据古代记载，喝菊花、茯苓、松脂酿制的酒，可以让人永葆青春。
山楂成熟季
Season for eating hawthorns
There is a saying that goes "It is time to harvest hawthorn during Cold Dew." Extracts of the berries have long been used in herbal medicine. The antioxidants in hawthorn are thought to boost heart health by strengthening blood vessels and stimulating blood flow.
俗话说:“寒露时节收山楂。”浆果的提取物长期以来一直被用于草药。山楂中的抗氧化剂被认为可以通过增强血管和刺激血液流动来促进心脏健康。
登高望远时
A great time for hiking
During Cold Dew, North China takes on a look of late autumn with white clouds, red leaves and early frost. On the day of the Double Ninth Festival, people often climb hills with cornels, a kind of plant. This custom aims to dispel evils, and originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD25-220).
寒露时节，华北呈现出白云红叶早霜初秋的景象。重阳节这一天，人们经常爬有小穗的山，小穗是一种植物。这个习俗起源于东汉(公元25-220年)，目的是为了驱邪。
腌鱼正美味
Season for making kippers
People of the Dong ethnic group in western Hunan province have the custom of making kippers during Cold Dew. It is said that kippers made on the day of Cold Dew with accessory foods, such as rice wine, salt, glutinous rice, pepper powder, paprika powder and ginger, are especially delicious.
在寒露时节，湘西侗族有腌制腌鱼的习俗。据说，在寒露当天用米酒、盐、糯米、胡椒粉、辣椒粉和姜等辅料制作的腌鱼特别美味。
采摘茶花籽
Season for picking camellia seeds
Southern Hunan province is a famous area for producing tea seed oil. People are not allowed to go to the mountains to pick the seeds until Cold Dew comes around.
湖南南部是著名的茶籽油产区。直到寒露降临，人们才被允许去山上摘种子。
寒露谚语
农历九月十三
1.白露身不露，寒露脚不露。
People should not people should n’t leave their bodies bare after the White Dew and shouldn’t leave their feet bare after the Cold Dew, which means as weather gets much colder, it’s better to keep feet warm to guard against diseases.
2.吃了寒露饭，单衣汉少见 。
After Cold Dew, a man in light clothes is rare.
形
容
寒
冷
白露身不露，寒露脚不露”，寒露的来临意味着寒冷的天气已经不远了。那么形容“寒冷”的词汇你能想到哪些呢？
biting
biting，多用来形容寒风刺骨的、凛冽的。也可以用来形容说话刻薄、辛辣。
例：He leant forward to protect himself against the biting wind.
他佝偻着身体以避寒风。
arctic
arctic，北极的、寒带的，极寒的（extremely cold）；也可以形容态度冰冷的。作为名词时，指北极圈。
例：The bathroom, with its ancient facilities, is positively arctic.
该浴室设备陈旧，肯定非常寒冷。
bleak
bleak，不乐观的、暗淡的，也可以表示天气阴冷。
例：The weather can be quite bleak on the coast.
沿海地区的天气会非常阴冷。
chilly
chilly，寒冷的、阴冷的，尤指天气或地方，亦指人。也有不友好的、冷淡的之意。在形容寒冷时，多用来表述令人感到不快的寒冷。
例：Shall we close the window? This room is getting chilly.
我们可以关上窗户吗？这屋子变得有点冷。
harsh
harsh，用来形容天气或环境恶劣的、艰苦的，可以形容冬天的酷寒，如a harsh winter/wind/climate（寒冷的冬天，凛冽的风，恶劣的气候）。
例：Harsh weather in the west has left communities buried in snow.
西部地区的酷寒使整个社区掩埋在雪里。
icy
icy，冰冷的、极冷的，冰冻的。
例：An icy wind blew hard across the open spaces.
刺骨的寒风于开阔处呼啸着。
raw
raw，也可以形容天气生冷的、阴冷的，a raw north wind（寒冷的北风）。
例：Once they cleared the housetops, the wind was raw and biting.
他们清扫完屋顶后，顿时感到阴冷的刺骨寒风。
寒露诗歌
暮江吟
白居易
一道残阳铺水中，
半江瑟瑟半江红。
可怜九月初三夜，
露似真珠月似弓。
Sunset and Moonrise on the River
The departing sunbeams pave a way on the river;
Half of its waves turn red and the other half shiver.
How I love the third night of the ninth moon aglow!
The dewdrops look like pearls; the crescent like a bow.
(Translated by Xu Yuanchong)
《菊花》
唐|元稹 著 现代|许渊冲 译
秋丛绕舍似陶家，遍绕篱边日渐斜。
不是花中偏爱菊，此花开尽更无花。
Chrysanthemums
Written by Zhen YUAN,Tang Dynasty, Translated by Yuanchong XU, Modern Times.
Around the cottage like Tao’s autumn flowers grow;
Along the hedge I stroll until the sunslants low.
Not that I favor partially the chrysanthemum,
But it is the last flower after which none will bloom
天气变化快
记得多穿点衣服哦~
来源 | 给力英语
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